If They Fall Away
Hebrews 5:10-6:12
Out of our study of 1 John, I have been asked many questions. I think without failure, about the last six Lord's Days, somebody has asked me how to explain Hebrews, Chapter 6. The one that talks about if they fall away, it's impossible to be renewed to repentance. And so, I thought, "Well, maybe we'll have time some day to do that." And then somebody else asked me, "How do you explain John 15, about abiding in the vine, and if you don't abide, you're case into the fire and burned." Do these passages teach a believer can lose his salvation?
And as we've studied in 1 John, where John says, "Christians love the brothers, and Christians keep the Commandments, and Christians confess their sin," people would say to me, "Well, if a Christian stops doing that, does he lose his salvation?" And so, apparently, this particular subject is kind of worming its ways in the minds of some people. And I thought what we'll do in the next couple of weeks is discuss a couple of these problem passages, so that we can kind of answer this question.
And so, I invite you to take your Bible and turn to Hebrews 5 and 6. Chapter 5, verse 11 is where we'll begin, and we must begin a little bit ahead of the passage in view in order for us to understand it. Hebrews, Chapter 5, verse 11, and we'll be discussing the tragedy of falling away. The tragedy of falling away.
It is a very difficult question to face, the question of the security of the believer, because there's a tremendous amount at stake. Now, I'm convinced that either you can lose your salvation or you can't. Would you say that's fair? So, if somebody is right and somebody is wrong, and I have to believe this, folks. I hope it doesn't sound egoistic, but I have to believe that I'm right, because if I didn't believe that, I'd be wrong. And if I believe I was wrong, I'd believe this way instead, and then I'd be right. But since I already believe this way, I know it's right. [Laughter]
Now, I believe that the Bible teaches that the nature of salvation is that it is an eternal thing. The only fair way to deal with the subject, I think, initially, is to treat the passages that are often used to teach that you can lose your salvation, and to determine what they are saying. One of those passages is Hebrews, Chapter 5, verses 11 through Chapter 6, verse 9. Now, in this passage, we deal with the issue of falling away, and we must understand to whom this applies. Now, the theme of Hebrews is our first consideration. Any time you ever study any passage in a book, you must understand the main theme of the book.
In teaching, of course, that we teach in Lagas, the Bible study center on hermeneutics, or principles of interpretation, we say that whenever you go about to interpret a passage, first of all, you draw a very large circle, and that's the book circle. Then you draw another circle around it, and that's the chapter. And then you draw the third circle in the center and deal with the passage itself. But you're never going to be fair with the passage unless you've covered the whole intent of the book.
You must understand what the writer is writing about, what his theme is, what his theme is in the chapter, and then you'll get down to what his theme is in the passage. This is the only fair way. Otherwise, you're guilty of carrying verses out of their context and you can make things mean whatever you want them to mean. There are no boundaries. I always think of the guy who preached on the fact that women not to tie their hair up on top of their head, because the Scripture says, "Top knot come down." [Laughter]
What it really says is, "Let those on the house top not come down." Well, you say, "Nobody would do that." Well, this man did. Nobody in their right mind would do that, but that's an exaggerated form of taking something out of context.
Or, you know, Judas went out and hanged himself, go down and do likewise, and what thou doest, do quickly. Well, that all appears in the same portion of Scripture, but you can't do that with the Scripture. That's why we have cults and isms and schisms and spasms and everything else, [laughter] because people take the Bible out of its context, and they can take a verse and make it mean a whole lot of things, out of context. Just like we read in the newspapers about certain people who say they were misquoted and quoted out of context. Well, God doesn't want to be quoted out of context either. And don't do that with Hebrews 6.
All right. All of that to say there is a basic theme to the book of Hebrews that must be understood. It is this, Christianity is superior to Judaism. That is the theme of Hebrews, over and over and over and over again. In Hebrews, we find the immeasurable superiority of Christianity over Judaism. And it is extremely important to use that basic principle as the key to this passage, and to use any other thing on this passage would be forced entry, because that's the key that opens the door. And we do not want to force an entry on this passage. We want to use the key that is the right key, and it is the fact that all throughout Hebrews, there is a contrast between Christianity, which is immeasurably superior to Judaism.
Now, then, as we come to this passage, it is not comparing Christians with Christians. It is not even in 5:11-14, where it talks about babes. It is not referring to Christians. It is referring to those in Judaism. They are the babes, the mature ones are the Christians. That is the constant analogy of the book of Hebrews. And you'll have to trust me on that, and if you're not sure that that is correct, you read it for yourself and I'm confident you'll understand that to be the truth.
Now, all the way through, the writer of Hebrews, and we don't know who he is, we can guess, but we don't know, all the way through the book of Hebrews, we find that Jesus Christ is presented as superior to everything in the Old Covenant. In fact, it begins by saying, "Jesus is superior to angels." And then it says, "He's superior to prophets, to Moses, to Joshua, to Aaron, to sacrifices, to the priesthood that Aaron had." Superior to everything. And that is the point of the book.
Now, the basic question of this passage is whether you are a Jew still holding on to Judaism, or a Christian. A babe is a Jew in Judaism. A mature man is a Christian. That's the issue of the passage. What he's really saying here is, when he says in Chapter 6, verse 1, "Let us go on to perfection. Let us go on to maturity." He's not saying, "All right, you baby Christians. Grow up." He is saying Jews holding on to the ABC's of God's revelation, let's go on to the full revelation, which is Jesus Christ. So, he's inviting them to be saved.
There are a series of warnings in the book of Hebrews. This is one of them. All of them are evangelistic, and this one, to be consistent with the rest, is evangelistic as well. All of them are inviting Jews, who are intellectually convinced that Christianity is true, to come to Christianity and not stop right at the gate. Now, that is the basic thesis of the book, and the basic thesis of this particular passage.
Now, the Old Covenant, or the Old Testament, was like the ABC's. The feel that Old Testament is full of pictures. You know, when we bought the first book for Melinda, you know, after she got to the place where she looked at it instead of tearing it. For your little children, you do the same thing. You buy them a book without words, with pictures, don't you? And pretty soon, it's ducky, bunny, doggie, ball. You know, that thing. You buy the kind of thing where the child can see the picture. But you don't expect your high school kid to come home, sit at the dining room table, and go ducky, doggie, ball. That is a little bit serious. If that's occurring in your house, you're in real trouble. It'll be all right. He'll get through college on an athletic scholarship. I did.
Now, you see the Old Testament is the ABC book. There are pictures. All that you have in the Old Testament, like the types and the ceremonies and the feast days and the Holy days and the sacrifices and the analogies, you know, the tabernacle. It's a whole lot of pictures of Christ. The temple, pictures of Christ. These things are the picture books. But when the New Testament arrives, the message is put away the baby books. See? Stop being babies and come to maturity. Maturity is in the revelation of Jesus Christ.
And so, the call here is to the Jews to drop the primer and come on to the deep thing. To give away the milk and come to the solid food. And it is not the way Paul uses it in Corinthians. It is different. It is not talking about Christian babies becoming grown up Christians. It is talking about those who are babes, in terms of belying to the Old Covenant, becoming mature in terms of belonging to the New Covenant.
Now, as we look at the passage, let's go to verse 11, Chapter 5, and we'll see, first of all, the first point in out outline, the problem. The problem is in verses 11 to 14. Here is the problem the writer faces. You'll notice verse 10, and you'll see the name of a man. What is the name? Melchizedek. Now, Melchizedek is a very important man. He was a priest in the Old Testament that happened to have an encounter with Abraham. At that point, he was introduced as the King of Salem, or the King of Jerusalem, and also was introduced as a priest of the most high God. A most unusual man.
Now, one of the very important heartbeats of the book of Hebrews is the priest character of Jesus Christ. We have not a high priest who cannot be touched with the feelings of our infirmities, when all points tempted like as we are, and all of that. We have a high priest that has passed into the Heavens, Jesus Christ, the righteous, and so forth. So, all of the things about the priesthood of Christ are very important, and one of the things that the writer of Hebrews wants to do is illustrate the kind of priest that Jesus is by using Melchizedek.
He wants to show the people that Jesus is a priest like Melchizedek was. But the argument is a very technical one, and it's not easy to understand. So, he starts in verse 10 by saying, "Now, there was a priest and Christ was a priest after the same order," verse 6 says, "And it was the order of Melchizedek." Verse 10, he repeats the same thing. "Now, there was this priest, and Christ was like him, and his name was Melchizedek." Now come to verse 11. "Of whom we have many things to say." Now, the "of whom" applies to whom? Melchizedek.
Now, I want to say a lot of things to you about Melchizedek, and believe me, he does. In the very next chapter, the seventh chapter, he really takes off on Melchizedek. But before he can do anything, he says this, "I want to say a lot about Melchizedek, but these things are hard to be uttered, seeing that you are dull of hearing." Now, here is his problem. He has some things to teach that he knows some of them will never be able to learn. Why? They're dull of hearing. I want to teach you about Melchizedek. I want you to know about him, and I want you to see the relationship between our Lord Jesus Christ, the great high priest, and the priesthood of the order of Melchizedek. It is an important point, but you can't handle it, some of you. Why? You're dull of hearing.
Dull is from nothros. It means stupid. It could be translated "sluggish." The literal Greek is no push, from two Greek words. There's just no drive. It's just slow, stolid, sluggish, stupid. He says, "I can't tell you these things because you are sluggish and stupid in your apprehension." You make it very difficult for me to teach you these things.
Now, it wasn't always this way. He actually says in verse 11, "You are," it should be translated, "You are become." There was a time when they weren't so dull. You know what had happened? Let me give you a little background. Some people had arrived in the community where these Hebrews existed, and they bore the Gospel with them. They were the early preachers of the New Testament age. And they came and they preached the Gospel, and you know what happened among these people? There was a tremendous response. Mighty signs and wonders.
There were mighty miracles. Read them in Chapter 2, verses 3 and 4, it tells about them. Mighty things happened, and the people were awed. And they responded and they said, "Tremendous!" And there was a fresh working of the Holy Spirit in their hearts. And they were responding to the Holy Spirit. Intellectually, they were saying, "Hey, this is true. This really sounds right." And there was that vitality of just sort of tasting the Gospel, and they were right on the edge of believing. And you know what happened? Their Jewish friends started saying, "Oh, no. You better not get into that deal. That's heresy. You'll forfeit your Jewish relationships, you'll be kicked out of the family, you'll lose your standing in the community. You'll ostracize yourself from your friends. Man, that's bad news."
And so, here they were, teetering on the edge, intellectually convinced that Christianity was true. Having tasted, in a sense, the realities of Christianity. Having been exposed to the miracles of the Holy Spirit. Having seen the tremendous power that God displayed to those early Apostles and prophets. And they were hanging on the border, and they had hung there so long, that they were growing spiritually sluggish. They were getting stupid from the standpoint that they had heard it and heard it and heard it and heard it, and all of a sudden, it was just dull stuff. They had put it off so long, so long, so long, that they were getting very, very sluggish about any kind of response.
You know, that's very, very often the case. There are people who can exist in the church, if they can get by the first couple of years of the Gospel, they can pretty well settle into the thing and stay there the rest of their life without ever knowing Christ. You know that? It happens. That's why the Bible says you may not be able to ever separate them until the Lord separates the weak from the terrors. They can get so comfortable in a situation by just sort of hardening to the thing.
And that's what was happening. The longer they stood on the edge, the harder they got, and the more spiritually sluggish and stupid they got, and he says, "You're getting this way, and I know you're not going to have that fresh comprehension of what I'm going to say." The Greek indicates they were in a settled state and spiritual stupidity. There was a time when the sacrifice of Christ was fresh in their minds, when the information about the new birth was fresh in their minds, when the Gospel was kind of exciting and kind of inviting and kind of interesting. But now they were growing stupid.
Now, verse 12. "For when for the time you ought to be teachers." As long as you've been hanging around the Gospel, you ought to be teaching it. That's quite an indictment. They must have been around awhile. "But, instead, you have need that somebody teach you again." Isn't that something? You've been hanging around this thing long enough to have had enough information to be a teacher, but instead, you have to be taught the basics all over again. For the time, chronos. Chronologically, they had been around long enough, they had been under the instruction of the teachers presenting the Gospel and the New Testament truth long enough that they should have been able to teach it.
That doesn't mean they were Christians. They just had had enough of it and been around a long time, they could have been able to be teachers. But they were not. In fact, they needed somebody else to teach them, watch this, the first principles of the Oracles of God. Boy, you'd need to go back to the first principle. You know what they needed to do? They needed to go back and get the baby book again.
Have you ever learned something that you forgot? People ask me all the time, do you remember all the Greek you studied? Are you kidding? I told somebody the other day, I am at the point now where I would love to take first year Greek all over again, just to review the basics. I mean, you even use it, speak English and speak it well, don't remember the grammatical rules. And if you sit down to write, like I may sit down and write a book and write a manuscript out, and I forget how the construction should be. Well, the same is true in Greek. I can pick up my Greek New Testament and I can read it to a degree, but, you know, we were talking that I don't know, I can't remember how you recognize an objective genitive or a subjective genitive, and how you know which different ablative you've got, and all that. I need to go back and go through the primer.
Well, they were in the same situation. They had not used those things. They had just let them bang and clang in their minds, to the point where they all of a sudden had lost the grasp of the ABC's. Not even the ABC's of the Gospel, friends, but the first principles of the Oracles of God. Now, the word principles, stoikaia, is used to speak a very, very basic things. In grammar, it means the ABC's in the Greek language. The Greeks also used it in physics to speak of the basic elements. They used it in geometry to speak of the basic things, such as the point in a straight line. They used it in philosophy to speak of elementary principles for beginning students. So, you need to go back to the ABC's. You need to go back to the baby book.
The baby book. What is the baby book? The first principles of the Oracles of God. You know what the Oracles of God are? I'll show you. Romans 3:2 tell us what the Oracles of God are. Paul just pretty well destroyed the security of the Jews. The Jews hoped in their salvation, on the basis of circumcision and the fact that they were God's chosen people and had received His Word. And Paul had just shot that all down. So, Chapter 3 of Romans, verse 1, the Jews said, "What advantage is it to be a Jew? I mean, you just told us it doesn't do any good to be circumcised. It doesn't do a whole lot of good to possess God's Word. What good is it to be a Jew? What prophet is there?" And this is his answer. "Much every way," verse 2. "Chiefly because unto them we're committed," what? "The Oracles of God."
Now, what are the Oracles of God, then? The Mosaic Law, the Old Testament. So, now go back to Hebrews 6, verse 12. "For the time that you've been around Christianity, you ought to be teaching it. But instead, you have to be re-taught the Mosaic Law. And not just the Mosaic Law, but the ABC's of it." What he's saying is this. You have been around Christianity long enough to be teachers of Christian truth, but instead, you are so infantile, you need to be taught the ABC's of Old Testament truth again, because you don't understand the meaning of that.
Listen, if a guy understood the picture book of Old Testament sacrifices, he'd come to the New Testament and accept it, wouldn't he? You don't even understand the ABC's of the Old Covenant, the Oracles of God. You're like those who need milk and not meat. What is that? That's a baby. You need to go back to the spiritual goo goo stage and pick up the baby book again and look at the pictures.
So, he is referring here, friends, to Jewish people who are stuck right at the crossroads of coming to Christ. And they've been hardened and dulled by hearing and not responding. Now, he says, you've even forgotten the significance of your own ABC's. Somebody needs to set you down and teach you Mosaic Law, because if you could really learn the Mosaic Law, you'd know that the New Testament was right. Jesus, when He taught the disciples on the Road to Emmaus, opened the Scriptures and talked about of Moses and the prophets, the things concerning Himself. If they knew that, they would know Him.
Jesus said to the Jews, "Search the Scriptures, for they are they that speak of me." John 5. You need to go back to the Mosaic Law again, which you pride yourselves on. You're like those that can only have milk and not solid food.
Verse 13, he describes them further. "Every one that uses milk is unskillful in the word of righteousness, for he is a babe." Now, notice this verse very carefully. The word unskillful, aparus, means without experience. Everybody in your situation, back with the ABC book, using the milk, is inexperienced in a doctrine about righteousness. There's no definite article in the Greek. What it says is, people in your situation are inexperienced in righteousness.
Now, tell me this. Can a Christian be inexperienced in righteousness? No, not in the technical sense, because when you were saved, you were granted the righteousness of Christ, right? You've experienced it firsthand. He's not talking about Christians. He's saying, "You people are still stuck in the Old Testament, and you have never experienced true righteousness." That comes in receiving Christ. You're stuck there.
One way to translate the verse would be this. Everyone who is continually on a milk diet, is completely without experience in the teaching about righteousness, he is a babe. These people were still stuck in the Old Testament, needed to relearn the ABC's of the Old Testament. Never really experienced righteousness. They were not redeemed people.
Now, notice the word babe, and I will make a couple comments about it. The word is nepios, and I know that people have used this passage to teach about Christian maturity, and they say a babe is a young Christian. Well, in other passages, that is true. But, beloved, the word "babe" does not have any salvation connotation at all. The only thing the word "babe" really connotates is a little, squalling baby. But the word can be made analogous to anything you want to illustrate. And so, here we cannot assume that just because the word "babe" is here, it has to mean you're saved. The word nepios is used elsewhere in the New Testament. There's several words that are used for the word babe, or little child. But the word nepios is used elsewhere in the New Testament, now mark this, and it refers to a state of spiritual immaturity. It refers to a state of spiritual stupidity or ignorance.
Sometimes, it is used of Christians, yes. Sometimes it is used of non-Christians. Could a non-Christian be spiritually ignorant? Could a Christian be spiritually ignorant? Yes. It's two dif